A Comparative Study of "Confession of Oppression" in the Words of the Prophets in the Holy Qur'an from the Point of View of Ayatollah Javadi Amoli and Fakhruddin Razi

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Mashhad University of Qur'anic Sciences and Education. Mashhad, Iran

2 MA student in Qur'an and Hadith Sciences, Mashhad Qur'an Teacher Training College, Mashhad University of Qur'an Sciences and Education. Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

"Infallibility" means to be pure from any sin as well as error in receiving and communicating revelation, it is one of the special privileges and characteristics of the divine prophets and necessary for their mission, which is dealt with and paid attention to by many scholars and thinkers of different theological schools of thought due to its high importance. One of the issues that has raised many discussions is the verses of the Holy Qur'an that contain expressions of "confession of oppression" in the words of prophets such as Prophet Adam, Prophet Moses, and Prophet Jonah, and some people have concluded that divine prophets are infallible based on these verses. This study, via a descriptive and analytical method and in a comparative way, seeks to answer the question that what is meant by "oppression" and its acknowledgment from the point of view of Ayatollah Javadi Amoli and Fakhruddin Razi, and what is its relationship with the "infallibility" of the prophets? The findings of the research suggest that Ayatollah Javadi Amoli, as a representative of the Shia theological school of thought, proves "infallibility" for all the prophets, and he considers "oppression" to be based on its literal meaning, which means injustice, deficiency and deprivation, by referring to numerous arguments and evidence. However, Fakhruddin Razi, as a representative of theological school of thought in Ash'arism, in his analysis considers "infallibility" to be related to the period after prophethood and "oppression" to before prophethood

Keywords

References

  1. * The Holy Quran

    1. Ahmadi, S. J., & Nasiri, A. (1391 AP). An examination and critical analysis of important viewpoints of Fariqain commentators in explaining the infallibility of Hazrat Adam. Qabasat, 64, p. 45. [In Persian]
    2. Arusi Huwaizi, A. (1415 AH). Tafsir Noor al-Saghalain (Vol. 3, H. Rasouli, Ed.). Qom: Ismailian. [In Arabic]
    3. Baizawi, A. (1905). Tawa'li al-Anwar (Vol. 1). Cairo: Al-Matba'ah al-Khayriya.
    4. Dehkhoda, A. A. (1377 AP). Dehkhoda dictionary (Vol. 10). Tehran: Institute of Publishing and Printing, University of Tehran. [In Persian]
    5. Fakhruddin Razi, M. (1409 AH). The infallibility of the prophets. Beirut: Dar al-Kotob al-Ilmiya. [In Arabic]
    6. Fakhruddin Razi, M. (1420 AH). Mafatih al-Ghaib (Vols. 2, 3, 4, 17, 22, 18, 24 & 28). Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Toras al-Arabi. [In Arabic]
    7. Fakhruddin Razi, M. (1992). Ma'alim al-Usul. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
    8. Faqih, A., & Soltani Bayrami, I. (1397 AP). Examining the suggestive verses of committing a sin or abandoning the first one by Hazrat Musa in the Coptic murder. Quran Knowledge, 21, p. 81[In Persian].
    9. Faqih, A., Babaei, A. A., & Hosseinizadeh, A. (1397 AP). Analysis and criticism of Ayatollah Sobhani's view of Prophet Moses' act in the story of the Coptic murder. Kitab Qayim, 19, p. 367. [In Persian]
    10. Fazil Miqdad. (1365 AP). Al-Baba al-Hadi Ashar. Tehran: Institute of Islamic Studies. [In Persian]
    11. Fazil Miqdad. (1405 AH). Irshad al-Talibin ila Nahj al-Mustarshidin. Qom: Publications of Ayatollah Marashi Najafi Library. [In Arabic]
    12. Fazil Miqdad. (1420 AH). Al-Anwar al-Jalaliyah fi Sharh al-Fusul al-Nasiriyah. Mashhad: Majma al-Bohouth al-Islamiya. [In Arabic]
    13. Ibn Abi al-Hadid. (1965). Sharh Nahj al-Balaghah (Vol. 7). Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Toras al-Arabi.
    14. Ibn Manzoor, M. (1414 AH). Lisan al-Arab (Vols. 2 & 12). Beirut: Dar Sader. [In Arabic]
    15. Javadi Amoli, A. (1380 AP): Tasnim Tafsir Qur'an Karim (Vols. 3 & 20). Qom: Isra Publishing Center. [In Persian]
    16. Javadi Amoli, A. (1381 AP). Thematic Interpretation of the Holy Qur'an, Prophets' Lifestyle (Vol. 3, A. Eslami, Ed.). Qom: Isra Publishing Center. [In Persian]
    17. Javadi Amoli, A. (1384 AP). Thematic interpretation of the Holy Qur'an, revelation and prophecy in the Qur'an (Vol. 3, A. Zamani Qomshaei, Ed.). Qom: Isra Publishing Center. [In Persian]
    18. Javadi Amoli, A. (1387 AP). Tasnim Tafsir Qur'an Karim (Vols. 3 & 20). Qom: Isra Publishing Center. [In Persian]
    19. Javadi Amoli, A. (1388 AP). Adab Fanai Moqraban (Vols. 1 & 9). Qom: Isra Publishing Center. [In Persian]
    20. Javadi Amoli, A. (1389 AP). Thematic Interpretation of the Holy Qur'an , Prophets' Lifestyle (Vols. 3 & 7, A. Eslami, Ed.). Qom: Isra Publishing Center. [In Persian]
    21. Javadi Amoli, A. (1391 AP). Thematic interpretation of the Holy Quran, monotheistic literature of the prophets in the Quran (Vol. 18, S. Bani Ali, Ed.). Qom: Isra Publishing Center. [In Persian]
    22. Johari, I. (1407 AH). Taj al-Lugha va Sahih al-Arabiya (Vol. 5). Beirut: Dar al-Ilm al-Alamin. [In Arabic]
    23. Jurjani, S. S. (1371 AP). Sharh al-Mawaqif (Vol. 8). Qom: Sharif Al-Razi Publications. [In Persian]
    24. Kamalizadeh Ardakani, H., & Rad, A. (1396 AP). Doubts about Prophet Yunus in the interpretations of the Fariqin; Answers and approaches. Comparative Studies of Qur'an Studies, 3, p. 129. [In Persian]
    25. Majlesi, M. B. (1404 AH). Bihar al-Anwar (Vols. 11 & 25). Beirut: Al-Wafa Institute. [In Arabic]
    26. Moein, M. (1364 AP). Moein Persian Dictionary (Vol. 2). Tehran: Amir Kabir. [In Persian]
    27. Mohammadi Ashtiani, A., & Arfa, F. (1399 AP). A comparative study of the interpretation opinions of Allameh Tabataba'i and Fakhrazi regarding the seemingly inconsistent verses with the infallibility of the sin of Prophet Moses. Qur'an and Hadith Research Journal, 27, p. 217. [In Persian]
    28. Mostafavi, H. (1360 AP). Al-Tahqiq fi Kalamat al-Qur'an al-Karim (Vol. 7). Tehran: Book Translation and Publishing Company. [In Persian]
    29. Mufid, M. (1413 AH). Tashih al-Itiqad. Qom: The International Conference of Sheikh Al-Mufid. [In Arabic]
    30. Qarashi Bonabi, S. A. A. (1371 AP). Dictionary of the Qur'an (Vol. 5). Tehran: Dar al-Kotob al-Islamiya. [In Persian]
    31. Ragheb Esfahani, H. (1412 AH). Al-Mufradat fi Gharib al-Qur'an. Beirut: Dar Qalam. [In Arabic]
    32. Seyed Morteza, A. (1405 AH). Rasa'il Al-Sharif al-Mortaza (Vol. 3). Qom: Dar al-Qur'an. [In Arabic]
    33. Shartouni, S. (1416 AH). Aqrab al-Mawarid fi Fash Al-Arabiyyah va Al-Shawarid (Vol. 3). Tehran: Dar al-Uswah. [In Arabic]
    34. Tabarsi, F. (1372 AP). Majma' Al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Qur'an (Vol. 1). Tehran: Nasser Khosro. [In Persian]
    35. Tabatabaei, S. M. H. (1417 AH). Al-Mizan fi Tafsir al-Qur'an (Vols. 2, 7 & 16). Qom: Islamic Publications Office. [In Arabic]
    36. Taftazani, S. (1407 AH). Sharh al-Aqa'eed al-Nasafiyyah. Cairo: Maktaba al-Kuliya Al-Azhariya. [In Arabic]
    37. Tusi, M. (1406 AH). Al-Iqisad fima Yata'aluq be al-Itiqad. Beirut: Dar al-Azwa. [In Arabic]
Quranic Science Studies
Volume 4, Issue 4 - Serial Number 14
October 2023
Pages 119-147

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics